The Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng. or D.Engr. or Eng.D. or Dr.Eng. or Dr.-Ing.) is an academic degree awarded on the basis of advanced study and research in engineering or applied sciences. In most of the countries it is the terminal research doctorate degree in engineering or applied science.
In Germany the PhD Degree in Engineering is called Doktor Ingenieur (Dr.-Ing.) and is usually earned after four years of studying on a research project and completing a thesis. A student starting doctoral studies needs to hold a Master's Degree.
Doctoral programs in Germany generally take three to four years – up to five in engineering – to complete, strongly depending on the subject. There are usually no formal classes or lectures to attend, and the doctoral candidate (Doktorand/-in) mainly conducts independent research under the tutelage of a single professor or advisory committee.
博士(簡稱 Ph.D.),高級學銜之一,通常是學歷架構中最高級的學銜。擁有人一般在大學本科(學士)及/或研究院(碩士)畢業,再進行相當年數的研修後,撰畢論文並通過答辯,方獲發博士學位。
一般歐美國家的博士生在入讀課程至獲授博士銜期間,會經歷以下階段:
1. 完成指定的修課式課程,通常是研究方法論或有關學術範疇的研究院程度課程。
2. 部份教育機構會要求新入學的博士生在設定的年限內通過「資格考核」(Qualification Exam),通常為入學後 2-3 年內必需通過。
3. 撰寫論文/研究計劃書,並取得論文導師批准進行。
4. 開始進行研究並撰寫論文。此時,博士生可自稱為博士候選人(Doctoral Candidate)。
5. 呈交論文並通過論文答辯(Viva-voce),部份院校會要求先通過答辯再提交論文。已通過答辯但未提交論文的博士候選人可以在個人學術資格清單上寫上畢業學銜的簡稱加上 ABD(All But Dissertation,尚欠論文)一字,如 Ph.D. (ABD),表示自己將獲博士資歷。
6. 獲授博士。一般而言整個過程需要3至5年不等,視乎地區、學校及研究範疇。通常院校都會有提供生活費支援及宿舍,並會支助(全部或部份)研究所需費用,支援修讀博士學位的學生。
在歐美,日常生活中只有擁有博士學位者會特別被稱呼某博士,其它碩士、學士學歷的人並不會被特別稱呼為某碩士或某學士。
Thursday, March 1, 2012
Wednesday, February 29, 2012
JJ @ Budapest; Hungary

Budapest is the capital of Hungary.As the largest city of Hungary布達佩斯(匈牙利语:Budapest,发音:'budɒpɛʃt)是匈牙利首都,也是该国主要的政治、商業、運輸中心和最大的城市,也被認為是中歐一個重要的中繼站。布達佩斯的人口在1980年代中期曾达到高峰207万(布達佩斯都會區人口達到2,451,418人),目前僅有約170萬居民,它是欧洲联盟第七大城市。该市是在1873年由位于多瑙河右岸(西岸)的城市布達和古布達以及左岸(東岸)城市佩斯合并而成的。此前没有布达佩斯这个称呼,过去人们一般将它称为佩斯-布达(Pest-Buda)。
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Recognition Awards
JJ @ Bratislava
Monday, August 15, 2011
JJ @ Prague
Prague, one of the most exceptional cities in the world, the capital of the Czech Republic on the Moldau river
Monday, April 4, 2011
Tuesday, September 7, 2010
Saturday, September 4, 2010
JJ @ Helsinki; Finland 赫尔辛基
Helsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the southern part of Finland.
芬兰最初是瑞典的领地,芬兰这个名称就是瑞典语“新发现的地方”,芬兰人自称为“苏米”人,瑞典国王古斯塔夫一世为了和汉莎同盟的城市塔林争夺贸易,于1550年在塔林对面的波罗的海海岸修建了这个城市,命名为赫尔辛基,开始了她的历史。当初建城时,地区的不毛贫瘠、战争和疫症的爆发都阻碍了赫尔辛基的发展。由於1561年古斯塔夫一世攻占了塔林,赫尔辛基就没有发展的意义了。所以有一段很长的时间赫尔辛基仍然维持在一个海边小城镇的规模,相比于其它在波罗的海沿岸繁荣的贸易中心来说,赫尔辛基的确是相形见拙。斯韦堡海军防御工事的建设提升了赫尔辛基的地位,但直至1809年俄国于北方战争打败瑞典,合并了芬兰,成立了自治的芬兰大公国之后,赫尔辛基才正式开始发展成为一个主要城市。
Thursday, September 2, 2010
Wednesday, September 1, 2010
Tuesday, August 31, 2010
Thursday, August 26, 2010
Aalto University School of Science and Technology - Finland
My son (Junjie; JJ) is leaving for Aalto University; Finland
On 1 January 2010, Helsinki University of Technology became a part of Aalto University and was renamed 'the Aalto University School of Science and Technology"
On 1 January 2010, Helsinki University of Technology became a part of Aalto University and was renamed 'the Aalto University School of Science and Technology"
The Aalto University School of Science and Technology is the second-oldest university in Finland, and the leading Finnish university for technology and architecture.
阿爾托大學理工學院,前稱赫爾辛基理工大學,亦有称赫尔辛基工业大学,位于芬兰赫尔辛基卫星城埃斯波的奥塔涅米,是芬兰最好,且历史最为悠久的理工科大学,亦是欧洲顶尖的理工大学之一。
赫尔辛基理工大学历史悠久,于1849年成立于赫尔辛基市区,1908年升级为大学.
Labels:
Careers,
Management and Staffs,
My Family,
Recognition Awards
LASALLE College of the Arts
New City Campus of LASALLE College of the Arts
My daughter (Jingyi; Ivy), BA(Hons) in Fashion Design @ LaSalle - Focuses on independent creative practice geared towards industry.
Ivy's diploma collection
Labels:
Management and Staffs,
My Family,
Recognition Awards
Ivy's 21st Birthday Celebration @ Orchid Hotel
My daughter (Jingyi; Ivy) celebrated her 21st birthday with family & friends @ Orchid Hotel Singapore
Labels:
Management and Staffs,
My Family,
Recognition Awards
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